Formulation:Article Title: Advancements in the Application of Nanomedicine in Alzheimer's Disease: A Therapeutic Perspective.
Article Snippet: .. Nanocarrier Material Modifications/ Functionalized by Therapeutic Agent Experimental Model Route of Administration Experimental Doses and Periods Result Limitations and Possibilities Reference Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Polysorbate 80 Rivastigmine tartrate Sheep mucosa Intranasal 0.178 mg/mL 6 months Formulation shows safe intranasal delivery without any toxicity An in vivo study is needed to see the safety and effectiveness of formulation [124] Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide NPs - AβOs Antibody and Class A scavenger receptor activator Mice Intravenously 1 mg/day 28 days Formulation targeting the AβOs improved the uptake of AβOs by microglia The distribution and the half-life of formulation will be studies in brains for long time benefits [140] Carbon Dots - Memantine Wild-type zebrafish Intravascularly - Cross the BBB and inhibes the tau aggregation This study shows the significant therapeutic potential in AD treatment [141] Nano drug particles - Drug AD patients Oral - 45 days Have high stability and less toxicity A large level study is needed to conclude the role of nanodrug in AD treatment [142] Graphene oxide - Dauricine Mice Intranasal 1 μg/μL 21 days The formulation protects against oxidative damage and apoptosis Graphene oxide-dauricine crosses the BBB, enters the brain and shows potential therpeutic agent in AD treatment [116] Nanostructured lipid carriers RBC membrane vesicles Glycoprotein of Rabies virus and triphenylphosphine cation APP/PS1 mice Intravenously 2 mg/kg/every 2 days 30 days Conquered the ROS-induced mitochondrial dysfunction Mitochondria-targeted nanosystems showing a capable therapeutic candidate for AD treatment [143] Graphene Quantum Dots - Flower Clitoria ternatea extract Rat - 3 mg/kg 7 days Improved cognitive behavior and memory capacity in experimental model QDs significantly crossed the BBB and significantly reduced the Alzheimer-like symptoms in rats; shows potential as therapeutic DDS [115] Linoleic acid micelles - lactoferrin Wistar rats Oral 500 mg/Kg 60 days (AlCl3 induction) and +30 days (treatment regimen) Enhanced cognitive capabilities, reduced brain OS, apoptosis, inflammation, and AchE activity Multiple functions of formulation show a greater potential in AD treatment and can be further evaluated at large level [144] PLLA/PLGA Hybrid NPs Hierarchical porous carbon (HPC) Galantamine Wistar rats Intranasal 3 mg/kg 24–48 h (clinical evaluation) Successful delivery to the hippocampus area Further evaluation in rodent models of AD is needed [145] Int. ..
In Vivo:Article Title: Advancements in the Application of Nanomedicine in Alzheimer's Disease: A Therapeutic Perspective.
Article Snippet: .. Nanocarrier Material Modifications/ Functionalized by Therapeutic Agent Experimental Model Route of Administration Experimental Doses and Periods Result Limitations and Possibilities Reference Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Polysorbate 80 Rivastigmine tartrate Sheep mucosa Intranasal 0.178 mg/mL 6 months Formulation shows safe intranasal delivery without any toxicity An in vivo study is needed to see the safety and effectiveness of formulation [124] Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide NPs - AβOs Antibody and Class A scavenger receptor activator Mice Intravenously 1 mg/day 28 days Formulation targeting the AβOs improved the uptake of AβOs by microglia The distribution and the half-life of formulation will be studies in brains for long time benefits [140] Carbon Dots - Memantine Wild-type zebrafish Intravascularly - Cross the BBB and inhibes the tau aggregation This study shows the significant therapeutic potential in AD treatment [141] Nano drug particles - Drug AD patients Oral - 45 days Have high stability and less toxicity A large level study is needed to conclude the role of nanodrug in AD treatment [142] Graphene oxide - Dauricine Mice Intranasal 1 μg/μL 21 days The formulation protects against oxidative damage and apoptosis Graphene oxide-dauricine crosses the BBB, enters the brain and shows potential therpeutic agent in AD treatment [116] Nanostructured lipid carriers RBC membrane vesicles Glycoprotein of Rabies virus and triphenylphosphine cation APP/PS1 mice Intravenously 2 mg/kg/every 2 days 30 days Conquered the ROS-induced mitochondrial dysfunction Mitochondria-targeted nanosystems showing a capable therapeutic candidate for AD treatment [143] Graphene Quantum Dots - Flower Clitoria ternatea extract Rat - 3 mg/kg 7 days Improved cognitive behavior and memory capacity in experimental model QDs significantly crossed the BBB and significantly reduced the Alzheimer-like symptoms in rats; shows potential as therapeutic DDS [115] Linoleic acid micelles - lactoferrin Wistar rats Oral 500 mg/Kg 60 days (AlCl3 induction) and +30 days (treatment regimen) Enhanced cognitive capabilities, reduced brain OS, apoptosis, inflammation, and AchE activity Multiple functions of formulation show a greater potential in AD treatment and can be further evaluated at large level [144] PLLA/PLGA Hybrid NPs Hierarchical porous carbon (HPC) Galantamine Wistar rats Intranasal 3 mg/kg 24–48 h (clinical evaluation) Successful delivery to the hippocampus area Further evaluation in rodent models of AD is needed [145] Int. ..
Mouse Assay:Article Title: Advancements in the Application of Nanomedicine in Alzheimer's Disease: A Therapeutic Perspective.
Article Snippet: .. Nanocarrier Material Modifications/ Functionalized by Therapeutic Agent Experimental Model Route of Administration Experimental Doses and Periods Result Limitations and Possibilities Reference Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Polysorbate 80 Rivastigmine tartrate Sheep mucosa Intranasal 0.178 mg/mL 6 months Formulation shows safe intranasal delivery without any toxicity An in vivo study is needed to see the safety and effectiveness of formulation [124] Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide NPs - AβOs Antibody and Class A scavenger receptor activator Mice Intravenously 1 mg/day 28 days Formulation targeting the AβOs improved the uptake of AβOs by microglia The distribution and the half-life of formulation will be studies in brains for long time benefits [140] Carbon Dots - Memantine Wild-type zebrafish Intravascularly - Cross the BBB and inhibes the tau aggregation This study shows the significant therapeutic potential in AD treatment [141] Nano drug particles - Drug AD patients Oral - 45 days Have high stability and less toxicity A large level study is needed to conclude the role of nanodrug in AD treatment [142] Graphene oxide - Dauricine Mice Intranasal 1 μg/μL 21 days The formulation protects against oxidative damage and apoptosis Graphene oxide-dauricine crosses the BBB, enters the brain and shows potential therpeutic agent in AD treatment [116] Nanostructured lipid carriers RBC membrane vesicles Glycoprotein of Rabies virus and triphenylphosphine cation APP/PS1 mice Intravenously 2 mg/kg/every 2 days 30 days Conquered the ROS-induced mitochondrial dysfunction Mitochondria-targeted nanosystems showing a capable therapeutic candidate for AD treatment [143] Graphene Quantum Dots - Flower Clitoria ternatea extract Rat - 3 mg/kg 7 days Improved cognitive behavior and memory capacity in experimental model QDs significantly crossed the BBB and significantly reduced the Alzheimer-like symptoms in rats; shows potential as therapeutic DDS [115] Linoleic acid micelles - lactoferrin Wistar rats Oral 500 mg/Kg 60 days (AlCl3 induction) and +30 days (treatment regimen) Enhanced cognitive capabilities, reduced brain OS, apoptosis, inflammation, and AchE activity Multiple functions of formulation show a greater potential in AD treatment and can be further evaluated at large level [144] PLLA/PLGA Hybrid NPs Hierarchical porous carbon (HPC) Galantamine Wistar rats Intranasal 3 mg/kg 24–48 h (clinical evaluation) Successful delivery to the hippocampus area Further evaluation in rodent models of AD is needed [145] Int. ..
Membrane:Article Title: Advancements in the Application of Nanomedicine in Alzheimer's Disease: A Therapeutic Perspective.
Article Snippet: .. Nanocarrier Material Modifications/ Functionalized by Therapeutic Agent Experimental Model Route of Administration Experimental Doses and Periods Result Limitations and Possibilities Reference Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Polysorbate 80 Rivastigmine tartrate Sheep mucosa Intranasal 0.178 mg/mL 6 months Formulation shows safe intranasal delivery without any toxicity An in vivo study is needed to see the safety and effectiveness of formulation [124] Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide NPs - AβOs Antibody and Class A scavenger receptor activator Mice Intravenously 1 mg/day 28 days Formulation targeting the AβOs improved the uptake of AβOs by microglia The distribution and the half-life of formulation will be studies in brains for long time benefits [140] Carbon Dots - Memantine Wild-type zebrafish Intravascularly - Cross the BBB and inhibes the tau aggregation This study shows the significant therapeutic potential in AD treatment [141] Nano drug particles - Drug AD patients Oral - 45 days Have high stability and less toxicity A large level study is needed to conclude the role of nanodrug in AD treatment [142] Graphene oxide - Dauricine Mice Intranasal 1 μg/μL 21 days The formulation protects against oxidative damage and apoptosis Graphene oxide-dauricine crosses the BBB, enters the brain and shows potential therpeutic agent in AD treatment [116] Nanostructured lipid carriers RBC membrane vesicles Glycoprotein of Rabies virus and triphenylphosphine cation APP/PS1 mice Intravenously 2 mg/kg/every 2 days 30 days Conquered the ROS-induced mitochondrial dysfunction Mitochondria-targeted nanosystems showing a capable therapeutic candidate for AD treatment [143] Graphene Quantum Dots - Flower Clitoria ternatea extract Rat - 3 mg/kg 7 days Improved cognitive behavior and memory capacity in experimental model QDs significantly crossed the BBB and significantly reduced the Alzheimer-like symptoms in rats; shows potential as therapeutic DDS [115] Linoleic acid micelles - lactoferrin Wistar rats Oral 500 mg/Kg 60 days (AlCl3 induction) and +30 days (treatment regimen) Enhanced cognitive capabilities, reduced brain OS, apoptosis, inflammation, and AchE activity Multiple functions of formulation show a greater potential in AD treatment and can be further evaluated at large level [144] PLLA/PLGA Hybrid NPs Hierarchical porous carbon (HPC) Galantamine Wistar rats Intranasal 3 mg/kg 24–48 h (clinical evaluation) Successful delivery to the hippocampus area Further evaluation in rodent models of AD is needed [145] Int. ..
Virus:Article Title: Advancements in the Application of Nanomedicine in Alzheimer's Disease: A Therapeutic Perspective.
Article Snippet: .. Nanocarrier Material Modifications/ Functionalized by Therapeutic Agent Experimental Model Route of Administration Experimental Doses and Periods Result Limitations and Possibilities Reference Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Polysorbate 80 Rivastigmine tartrate Sheep mucosa Intranasal 0.178 mg/mL 6 months Formulation shows safe intranasal delivery without any toxicity An in vivo study is needed to see the safety and effectiveness of formulation [124] Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide NPs - AβOs Antibody and Class A scavenger receptor activator Mice Intravenously 1 mg/day 28 days Formulation targeting the AβOs improved the uptake of AβOs by microglia The distribution and the half-life of formulation will be studies in brains for long time benefits [140] Carbon Dots - Memantine Wild-type zebrafish Intravascularly - Cross the BBB and inhibes the tau aggregation This study shows the significant therapeutic potential in AD treatment [141] Nano drug particles - Drug AD patients Oral - 45 days Have high stability and less toxicity A large level study is needed to conclude the role of nanodrug in AD treatment [142] Graphene oxide - Dauricine Mice Intranasal 1 μg/μL 21 days The formulation protects against oxidative damage and apoptosis Graphene oxide-dauricine crosses the BBB, enters the brain and shows potential therpeutic agent in AD treatment [116] Nanostructured lipid carriers RBC membrane vesicles Glycoprotein of Rabies virus and triphenylphosphine cation APP/PS1 mice Intravenously 2 mg/kg/every 2 days 30 days Conquered the ROS-induced mitochondrial dysfunction Mitochondria-targeted nanosystems showing a capable therapeutic candidate for AD treatment [143] Graphene Quantum Dots - Flower Clitoria ternatea extract Rat - 3 mg/kg 7 days Improved cognitive behavior and memory capacity in experimental model QDs significantly crossed the BBB and significantly reduced the Alzheimer-like symptoms in rats; shows potential as therapeutic DDS [115] Linoleic acid micelles - lactoferrin Wistar rats Oral 500 mg/Kg 60 days (AlCl3 induction) and +30 days (treatment regimen) Enhanced cognitive capabilities, reduced brain OS, apoptosis, inflammation, and AchE activity Multiple functions of formulation show a greater potential in AD treatment and can be further evaluated at large level [144] PLLA/PLGA Hybrid NPs Hierarchical porous carbon (HPC) Galantamine Wistar rats Intranasal 3 mg/kg 24–48 h (clinical evaluation) Successful delivery to the hippocampus area Further evaluation in rodent models of AD is needed [145] Int. ..
Activity Assay:Article Title: Advancements in the Application of Nanomedicine in Alzheimer's Disease: A Therapeutic Perspective.
Article Snippet: .. Nanocarrier Material Modifications/ Functionalized by Therapeutic Agent Experimental Model Route of Administration Experimental Doses and Periods Result Limitations and Possibilities Reference Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Polysorbate 80 Rivastigmine tartrate Sheep mucosa Intranasal 0.178 mg/mL 6 months Formulation shows safe intranasal delivery without any toxicity An in vivo study is needed to see the safety and effectiveness of formulation [124] Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide NPs - AβOs Antibody and Class A scavenger receptor activator Mice Intravenously 1 mg/day 28 days Formulation targeting the AβOs improved the uptake of AβOs by microglia The distribution and the half-life of formulation will be studies in brains for long time benefits [140] Carbon Dots - Memantine Wild-type zebrafish Intravascularly - Cross the BBB and inhibes the tau aggregation This study shows the significant therapeutic potential in AD treatment [141] Nano drug particles - Drug AD patients Oral - 45 days Have high stability and less toxicity A large level study is needed to conclude the role of nanodrug in AD treatment [142] Graphene oxide - Dauricine Mice Intranasal 1 μg/μL 21 days The formulation protects against oxidative damage and apoptosis Graphene oxide-dauricine crosses the BBB, enters the brain and shows potential therpeutic agent in AD treatment [116] Nanostructured lipid carriers RBC membrane vesicles Glycoprotein of Rabies virus and triphenylphosphine cation APP/PS1 mice Intravenously 2 mg/kg/every 2 days 30 days Conquered the ROS-induced mitochondrial dysfunction Mitochondria-targeted nanosystems showing a capable therapeutic candidate for AD treatment [143] Graphene Quantum Dots - Flower Clitoria ternatea extract Rat - 3 mg/kg 7 days Improved cognitive behavior and memory capacity in experimental model QDs significantly crossed the BBB and significantly reduced the Alzheimer-like symptoms in rats; shows potential as therapeutic DDS [115] Linoleic acid micelles - lactoferrin Wistar rats Oral 500 mg/Kg 60 days (AlCl3 induction) and +30 days (treatment regimen) Enhanced cognitive capabilities, reduced brain OS, apoptosis, inflammation, and AchE activity Multiple functions of formulation show a greater potential in AD treatment and can be further evaluated at large level [144] PLLA/PLGA Hybrid NPs Hierarchical porous carbon (HPC) Galantamine Wistar rats Intranasal 3 mg/kg 24–48 h (clinical evaluation) Successful delivery to the hippocampus area Further evaluation in rodent models of AD is needed [145] Int. ..
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